membranes, which is a straightforward process (Figure 1.7b). It was determined that the

application of the prepared material could be demonstrated by recording a variety of

distinct bioelectronic signals (Figure 1.7c). In this study, IGTs were employed for non­

linear signal amplification of high-fidelity detection of epileptic discharges to establish

long-term in-vivo biocompatibility (Figure 1.7d) [47]. When compared to traditional ap­

proaches, such local nonlinear amplifiers demonstrated both a high response rate as well

as better detection quality (Figure 1.7e). The devices were stable for more than two weeks

after being implanted and delivered high-quality recordings from animals that were free

to move around. This work demonstrated how chemical principles may be used for the

realization of additional functions while simultaneously protecting the stability and

biocompatibility of the device in a biomedical environment.

1.5 Conclusions

To sum up, in recent years, there has been an increased interest in the use of electronics

technology in biology and medicine. Pacemakers, as well as almost the whole medical

imaging sector, are examples of this. The research that enabled these applications arose

from a variety of scientific and technical fields. Nevertheless, the word “bioelectronics”

has lately gained popularity as a more general phrase to characterize this diverse field of

study. In bioelectronics, there is significant potential for breakthroughs that are based on

perspectives from a wide range of diverse domains. Partnerships in bioelectronics within

FIGURE 1.7

A systematic representation of (a) e-IGT device function, (b) e-IGT device installed in a human hand, (c) signal

response displayed by e-IGT-based electronic devices, (d) its output, and (e) corresponding operating curves.

Reproduced with permission [ 47]. Copyright (2020), Springer Nature.

Introduction to Bioelectronics

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